February 4, 2012, Saturday, 34

Persian Period, 537-332 BCE

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  1. Overview
    1. Overview: Jews in the Persian Period (520-332 BCE)
    2. …and the Rise 537, Teddy Kollek and Moshe Pearlman, Jerusalem: Sacred City of Mankind, Steimatzky Ltd., Jerusalem, 1991.
    3. Biblical History: Jeremiah, Ezra and Esther, c. 586-330 BCE, Steven Feldman, COJS.
  2. Artifacts
    1. Yahud Stamps, c. 539 BCE Yahud Stamps, c. 539 BCE
    2. Cyrus Cylinder, c. 535 BCE Cyrus Cylinder, c. 535 BCE
    3. Tomb of Cyrus, 530 BCE Tomb of Cyrus, 530 BCE
    4. Cambyses Conquers Egypt, 525 BCE Cambyses Conquers Egypt, 525 BCE
    5. Ein Gedi Cave, 6th century BCE Ein Gedi Cave, 6th century BCE
    6. Behistun Inscription, 549-486 BCE Behistun Inscription, 549-486 BCE
    7. Darius I Inscription, 522-486 BCE Darius I Inscription, 522-486 BCE
    8. Usahor Inscription, 522-486 BCE Usahor Inscription, 522-486 BCE
    9. Silver Foundation Plaque of Darius I, 522-486 BCE Silver Foundation Plaque of Darius I, 522-486 BCE
    10. Tomb of Darius I, 486 BCE Tomb of Darius I, 486 BCE
    11. Gold Persian Darics, 500 BCE Gold Persian Darics, 500 BCE
    12. Cypro-Phoenician Coin, 500 BCE Cypro-Phoenician Coin, 500 BCE
    13. Achaemenian Coins, 500 BCE Achaemenian Coins, 500 BCE
    14. The Glory of Susa, c. 500 BCE The Glory of Susa, c. 500 BCE
    15. Lid of the Sarcophagus of Ptahhotepthe, c. 500 BCE Lid of the Sarcophagus of Ptahhotepthe, c. 500 BCE
    16. Esther and Ahasuerus, c. 500 BCE Esther and Ahasuerus, c. 500 BCE
    17. Elephantine Ostraca, early 5th century BCE Elephantine Ostraca, early 5th century BCE
    18. Sarcophagus of King Eshmunazar, 5th century BCE Sarcophagus of King Eshmunazar, 5th century BCE
    19. Aramaic Stelae, 5th century BCE Aramaic Stelae, 5th century BCE
    20. The Murashû Archive, late 5th century BCE The Murashû Archive, late 5th century BCE
    21. Lobed Bowl, 5th century BCE Lobed Bowl, 5th century BCE
    22. Goddess Tinit Figurines, 5th century BCE Goddess Tinit Figurines, 5th century BCE
    23. Athenian Coin, 5th century BCE Athenian Coin, 5th century BCE
    24. Tel el-Maskhuta Libation Bowl, late 5th century BCE Tel el-Maskhuta Libation Bowl, late 5th century BCE
    25. Oxus Treasure, 5th-4th century BCE Oxus Treasure, 5th-4th century BCE
    26. Maagan Michael Ship, 4th-5th century BCE Maagan Michael Ship, 4th-5th century BCE
    27. The Battle of Marathon, 490 BCE The Battle of Marathon, 490 BCE
    28. The Battle of Thermopylae, 480 BCE The Battle of Thermopylae, 480 BCE
    29. Sabbath Ostraca, c. 475 BCE Sabbath Ostraca, c. 475 BCE
    30. Artaxerxes I, 465-424 BCE Artaxerxes I, 465-424 BCE
    31. The Yehawmilk Stele, c. 450 BCE The Yehawmilk Stele, c. 450 BCE
    32. Darius II Nothus, 423-404 BCE Darius II Nothus, 423-404 BCE
    33. Contract from Elephantine, 451 BCE Contract from Elephantine, 451 BCE
    34. The Passover Papyrus from Elephantine, 419 BCE The Passover Papyrus from Elephantine, 419 BCE
    35. The Elephantine Temple, 407 BCE The Elephantine Temple, 407 BCE
    36. Inscribed Silver Bowl, c. 415-410 BCE Inscribed Silver Bowl, c. 415-410 BCE
    37. Bagohi Letter, c. 407 BCE Bagohi Letter, c. 407 BCE
    38. Artaxerxes II Mnemon, 404-358 BCE Artaxerxes II Mnemon, 404-358 BCE
    39. Yehud Coin 1, 4th century BCE Yehud Coin 1, 4th century BCE
    40. Yehud Coin 2, 4th century BCE Yehud Coin 2, 4th century BCE
    41. Yehud Coin 3, 4th century BCE Yehud Coin 3, 4th century BCE
    42. Ketef Jericho Scrolls, 4th century BCE Ketef Jericho Scrolls, 4th century BCE
    43. Coin from Beth-zur, 4th century BCE Coin from Beth-zur, 4th century BCE
    44. Coin with Bearded Figure, 4th century BCE Coin with Bearded Figure, 4th century BCE
    45. Male Athena Coin, 4th century BCE Male Athena Coin, 4th century BCE
    46. Owl Coin, 4th century BCE Owl Coin, 4th century BCE
    47. The Samaria Papyri, c. 375 BCE The Samaria Papyri, c. 375 BCE
    48. Coin of Philip of Macedon, 356 BCE Coin of Philip of Macedon, 356 BCE
    49. Greek Helmet Greek Helmet
    50. Fall of the Persian Empire, 332 BCE Fall of the Persian Empire, 332 BCE
  3. Articles
    1. James D. Purvis, and Eric Meyers. “Exile and Return: From the Babylonian Destruction to the Reconstruction of the Jewish State.”
    2. James D. Purvis, and Eric Meyers. “Exile and Return: From the Babylonian Destruction to the Reconstruction of the Jewish State.” Part II
    3. James D. Purvis, and Eric Meyers. “Exile and Return: From the Babylonian Destruction to the Reconstruction of the Jewish State.” Part III
    4. Lisbeth S. Fried. “Cyrus the Messiah.” Bible Review 19, 5 (2003).
    5. Aaron Demsky. “Who Returned First—Ezra or Nehemiah?” Bible Review 12, 2 (1996).
    6. The First Restoration, Rina Abrams, COJS.
    7. Cuneiform Secrets Revealed, Ira Maurice Price, Monuments and the Old Testament, The Chrisitan Culture Press, Chicago 1899.
    8. David J.A. Clines, Ezra-Nehemiah, The HarperCollins Study Bible.
    9. Bedouin Find Papyri Three Centuries Older Than Dead Sea Scrolls, Paul W. Lapp, BAR 4:01, Mar 1978.
    10. Books in Brief: Treasures from Bible Times, Keith N. Schoville, BAR 11:03, May/Jun 1985.
    11. Sussita Awaits the Spade, Vassilios Tzaferis, BAR 16:05, Sep/Oct 1990.
    12. Books in Brief: Gezer III, BAR 17:02, Mar/Apr 1991.
    13. Why Were Hundreds of Dogs Buried at Ashkelon? Lawrence E. Stager, BAR 17:03, May/Jun 1991.
    14. Excavating an Ancient Merchantman, Elisha Linder, BAR 18:06, Nov/Dec 1992.
    15. Did the Ark Stop at Elephantine? Bezalel Porten, BAR 21:03, May/Jun 1995.
    16. Queries and Comments: How Tolerant Was Ancient Persia? BAR 22:04, Jul/Aug 1996.
    17. Underground Metropolis: The Subterranean World of Maresha, Amos Kloner, BAR 23:02, Mar/Apr 1997.
    18. Mizpah: Newly Discovered Stratum Reveals Judah’s Other Capital, Jeffrey R. Zorn, BAR 23:05, Sep/Oct 1997.
    19. WorldWide: Oxus River Valley, BAR 24:02, Mar/Apr 1998.
    20. When Palestine Meant Israel, David Jacobson, BAR 27:03, May/Jun 2001.
    21. Fruits of the Sea, Michael R. Shurkin, BAR 30:05, Sep/Oct 2004.
    22. Big City, Few People, David Ussishkin, BAR 31:04, Jul/Aug 2005.
  4. Maps
    1. Persian Empire, c. 500 BCE
  5. Websites
    1. The British Museum: Forgotten Empire: The World of Ancient Persia


See also Jews in the Persian Period (520-332 BCE).

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