Communal Organization: Combating Oppression and Violence

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1. Introduction
   1. Introduction: Combating Oppression and Violence
2. Images
   1. Emperor Henry IV
   2. King Louis VII of France
   3. Emperor Fredrick I
   4. Emperor Fredrick II
3. Primary Texts
   1. 1096, General, The Solomon bar Simson Chronicle
   2. 1096, Mainz, The Mainz Anonymous
   3. The Aftermath of the Blois Incident,117, Letter from the Leaders of Parisian Jewry
   4. Further Aftermath of the Blois Incident,1171, Letter of R. Meshullam
   5. Imperial Edict Protecting Jews during the Third Crusade, Letter of Elazar ha-Kattan
   6. Jewish Communities of Aragon, 1454, Communal Ordinance
4. Secondary Literature
   1. R. Chazan, European Jewry and the First Crusade (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987), 85-99.
   2. R. Chazan, “The Blois Incident of 1171: A Study in Jewish Intercommunal Organization.” Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research 36 (1968): 13-31.
   3. R. Chazan, "Emperor Frederick I, the Third Crusade, and the Jews," Viator, 8(1977): 83-93.
   4. R. Chazan, "The Blois Incident of 1171: A Study in Jewish Intercommunal Organization," Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research, XXXVI (1968): 13-31.
   5. Y. Baer, A History of the Jews in Christian Spain, trans. Louis Schoffman et al. (2 vols.; Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1961-66). 2:110-130.