February 4, 2012, Saturday, 34

Byzantine Period, 312-632 CE

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  1. Overview
    1. Christian Jerusalem 324-638, Teddy Kollek and Moshe Pearlman, Jerusalem: Sacred City of Mankind, Steimatzky Ltd., Jerusalem, 1991.
  2. Artifacts
    1. Nag Hammadi Library, 3rd-4th century CE Nag Hammadi Library, 3rd-4th century CE
    2. Capernaum Synagogue, 3rd-4th century CE Capernaum Synagogue, 3rd-4th century CE
    3. Akeptous Inscription, 3-4th century CE Akeptous Inscription, 3-4th century CE
    4. Fragment of the Book of Revelation, 3-4th century CE Fragment of the Book of Revelation, 3-4th century CE
    5. Prayer for Salvation to the One God, 3rd-4th century CE Prayer for Salvation to the One God, 3rd-4th century CE
    6. Hammat Tiberias Synagogue Mosaic, 4th century CE Hammat Tiberias Synagogue Mosaic, 4th century CE
    7. Earliest Monk Cells, 4th century CE Earliest Monk Cells, 4th century CE
    8. Codex Theodosianus, 4th century CE Codex Theodosianus, 4th century CE
    9. Roman Sarcophagus Depicting the Christian Passion, 4th century CE Roman Sarcophagus Depicting the Christian Passion, 4th century CE
    10. Gold-Glass Bases, 4th century CE Gold-Glass Bases, 4th century CE
    11. Diademed Woman, 4th century CE Diademed Woman, 4th century CE
    12. Khirbet Susiya Synagogue Mosaic, 4th century CE Khirbet Susiya Synagogue Mosaic, 4th century CE
    13. Hammat Tiberias Menorah, 4th-5th century CE Hammat Tiberias Menorah, 4th-5th century CE
    14. Meroth Synagogue, 4th-5th century CE Meroth Synagogue, 4th-5th century CE
    15. Meroth Amulet, 4th-5th century CE Meroth Amulet, 4th-5th century CE
    16. Coin Hoard from Meroth, 4th-5th century CE Coin Hoard from Meroth, 4th-5th century CE
    17. Byzantine Church of the Annunciation, 4th-5th century CE Byzantine Church of the Annunciation, 4th-5th century CE
    18. Burial Inscription, 4th-5th century CE Burial Inscription, 4th-5th century CE
    19. Christian Seal Ring, 4th-6th century CE Christian Seal Ring, 4th-6th century CE
    20. Corinth Synagogue, 4th-6th century CE Corinth Synagogue, 4th-6th century CE
    21. Two Lead Foil Magic Amulets, 4th-6th century CE Two Lead Foil Magic Amulets, 4th-6th century CE
    22. House of Eusebius, 4th-7th century CE House of Eusebius, 4th-7th century CE
    23. Edict of Milan, 313 CE Edict of Milan, 313 CE
    24. Bishop Cyril, 315–386 CE Bishop Cyril, 315–386 CE
    25. Greek Epitaph, 319 CE Greek Epitaph, 319 CE
    26. Revocation of Law Preventing Jews from Holding Public Office, 321 CE Revocation of Law Preventing Jews from Holding Public Office, 321 CE
    27. Coin of Helena, 324/5 CE Coin of Helena, 324/5 CE
    28. Church of the Holy Sepulchre, 325 CE Church of the Holy Sepulchre, 325 CE
    29. The True Cross in Rome, c. 325 CE The True Cross in Rome, c. 325 CE
    30. Church of Eleona, 326-333 CE Church of Eleona, 326-333 CE
    31. Church of the Nativity, 333 CE Church of the Nativity, 333 CE
    32. Pilgrim of Bordeaux, 333 CE Pilgrim of Bordeaux, 333 CE
    33. Coin of Constantine, 330 CE Coin of Constantine, 330 CE
    34. Constantius’ Slave Laws, 339 CE Constantius’ Slave Laws, 339 CE
    35. Gold Hoard from Caesarea, 344-395 CE Gold Hoard from Caesarea, 344-395 CE
    36. Codex Vaticanus, 350 CE Codex Vaticanus, 350 CE
    37. Codex Sinaiticus, 350 CE Codex Sinaiticus, 350 CE
    38. War against Gallus, 351-352 CE War against Gallus, 351-352 CE
    39. Augustine, 354-430 CE Augustine, 354-430 CE
    40. Qazrin Coin Hoard, 361–363 CE Qazrin Coin Hoard, 361–363 CE
    41. Letter from Julian to the Jews, 363 CE Letter from Julian to the Jews, 363 CE
    42. The Good Shepherd, 5th century CE The Good Shepherd, 5th century CE
    43. Sepphoris Synagogue Mosaic, 5th century CE Sepphoris Synagogue Mosaic, 5th century CE
    44. Sepphoris Inscription, 5th century CE Sepphoris Inscription, 5th century CE
    45. Octagonal Church, 5th century CE Octagonal Church, 5th century CE
    46. Martyrius Monastery, 5th century CE Martyrius Monastery, 5th century CE
    47. Mary's Tomb, 5th century CE Mary's Tomb, 5th century CE
    48. Isaiah Inscription on the Western Wall, 5th century CE Isaiah Inscription on the Western Wall, 5th century CE
    49. Codex Alexandrinus, 5th century CE Codex Alexandrinus, 5th century CE
    50. Christian Oil Lamp, 5th-6th century CE Christian Oil Lamp, 5th-6th century CE
    51. Nile Celebration Mosaic, 5th-6th century CE Nile Celebration Mosaic, 5th-6th century CE
    52. Gaza Church, 5th-6th century CE Gaza Church, 5th-6th century CE
    53. Sacred Horseman, 5th-6th century CE Sacred Horseman, 5th-6th century CE
    54. Glass Vessel Decorated with Crosses, 5th-6th century CE Glass Vessel Decorated with Crosses, 5th-6th century CE
    55. Cotton Genesis, 5-6th century CE Cotton Genesis, 5-6th century CE
    56. Temple Mount Mosaic, 5th-7th century Temple Mount Mosaic, 5th-7th century
    57. Eucherius Describes the Church of the Apostles, c. 400 CE Eucherius Describes the Church of the Apostles, c. 400 CE
    58. Eudocia Inscription, 408-450 CE Eudocia Inscription, 408-450 CE
    59. Ein Gedi Synagogue: “Peace upon Israel,” 450 CE Ein Gedi Synagogue: “Peace upon Israel,” 450 CE
    60. Hammat Gader Synagogue, 450 CE Hammat Gader Synagogue, 450 CE
    61. Epitaph of Maron son of Kaioumos, 456 CE Epitaph of Maron son of Kaioumos, 456 CE
    62. Mar Saba Monastery, 439 CE Mar Saba Monastery, 439 CE
    63. Epitaph of Lucia, Daughter of Peter, 461 CE Epitaph of Lucia, Daughter of Peter, 461 CE
    64. Coin Hoards from Ein Gedi, 498-565 CE Coin Hoards from Ein Gedi, 498-565 CE
    65. Jesus Seal, 6th century CE Jesus Seal, 6th century CE
    66. Horvat Bata Cross, 6th century CE Horvat Bata Cross, 6th century CE
    67. Bread Stamp Inscribed "The Way of the Lord," 6th century CE Bread Stamp Inscribed "The Way of the Lord," 6th century CE
    68. Gaza Synagogue Mosaic, 6th century CE Gaza Synagogue Mosaic, 6th century CE
    69. Petra Papyri, 6th century CE Petra Papyri, 6th century CE
    70. Samaritan Castra, 6th century CE Samaritan Castra, 6th century CE
    71. Relief from Hanita, 6th century CE Relief from Hanita, 6th century CE
    72. Capital Decorated with a Menorah, 6th century CE Capital Decorated with a Menorah, 6th century CE
    73. Capital Decorated with a Cross, 6th century CE Capital Decorated with a Cross, 6th century CE
    74. Kissufim Mosaic, 6th century CE Kissufim Mosaic, 6th century CE
    75. Justinian Icons from Sinai, 6th century Justinian Icons from Sinai, 6th century
    76. Vulgate Gospels, 6th century CE Vulgate Gospels, 6th century CE
    77. Gold Coins, 6th-7th century CE Gold Coins, 6th-7th century CE
    78. Magic Bowl, 6th-7th century CE Magic Bowl, 6th-7th century CE
    79. Mosaic Inscription, 6th-7th century CE Mosaic Inscription, 6th-7th century CE
    80. Bronze Censer Bowl, 6th-7th century CE Bronze Censer Bowl, 6th-7th century CE
    81. Rehov Synagogue Mosaic Floor, 6th-7th century CE Rehov Synagogue Mosaic Floor, 6th-7th century CE
    82. Babylonian Talmud, c. 500 CE Babylonian Talmud, c. 500 CE
    83. Chaldean Inscription, c. 500 CE Chaldean Inscription, c. 500 CE
    84. Mosaic of Justinian, 527-565 CE Mosaic of Justinian, 527-565 CE
    85. Madaba Map, 527-565 CE Madaba Map, 527-565 CE
    86. Hagia Sophia, 532 CE Hagia Sophia, 532 CE
    87. Nea Church, 543 CE Nea Church, 543 CE
    88. Emperor Phocas Coin, 602-610 CE Emperor Phocas Coin, 602-610 CE
    89. Gold Coin Hoard, 610-613 CE Gold Coin Hoard, 610-613 CE
    90. Sassanian Conquest of Jerusalem, 614 CE Sassanian Conquest of Jerusalem, 614 CE
    91. Tombstone from Zoar Tombstone from Zoar
    92. Byzantine Gold Ring Byzantine Gold Ring
    93. Oil Lamps with Greek Inscription Oil Lamps with Greek Inscription
    94. Arch of the Hurva Synagogue Arch of the Hurva Synagogue
    95. Manger Square Church Manger Square Church
    96. Glazed Bowls Glazed Bowls
    97. Arbel Synagogue Arbel Synagogue
    98. Byzantine Avdat Byzantine Avdat
    99. Bronze and Wood Cross Bronze and Wood Cross
    100. Christograms Christograms
    101. Byzantine Chapel at Masada Byzantine Chapel at Masada
  3. Articles
    1. Jews and the Early Christian Church, 4th and 5th Centuries, Richard E. Rubenstein, Aristotle’s Children, Harcourt Books, 2004.
    2. A Catalogue of Coin Hoards and the Shelf Life of Coins in Palestine Hoards during the Roman and Byzantine Periods, M. Waner and Z. Safrai, Liber Annuus 51 (2001).
    3. Digging the Talmud in Ancient Meiron, Eric M. Meyers and Carol L. Meyers, BAR 4:02, Jun 1978.
    4. “What Is the Talmud?” BAR 4:02, Jun 1978.
    5. Saving the Mt. Sinai Mosaics, George H. Forsyth and Kurt Weitzmann, BAR 4:04, Nov/Dec 1978.
    6. The Marvelous Mosaics of Kissufim, Rudolph Cohen, BAR 6:01, Jan/Feb 1980.
    7. Books in Brief: The Discovery of Dura-Europos, A. Thomas Kraabel, BAR 6:04, Jul/Aug 1980.
    8. Books in Brief: The Synagogue: The Excavations at Dura-Europos, Final Report, BAR 6:04, Jul/Aug 1980.
    9. A Tale of Two Talmuds, BAR 17:02, Mar/Apr 1991.
  4. Videos
    1. Can historical fact be gleaned from the Talmud? Prof. Lawrence H. Schiffman. Produced by Down Low Pictures for COJS.
  5. Maps
    1. The Spread of Christianity in the Roman Empire, 325 CE
    2. The Roman Empire in 477 CE
  6. Websites
    1. Byzantium: Byzantine Studies on the Internet
    2. The Codex Sinaiticus Website


Click here for more on Jews and Judaism in the Greco-Roman Period.

Click here for more on The Land of Israel during the Byzantine Period (324-638 CE).

Click here for more on Jews in the Greco-Roman Diaspora (332 BCE-7th century CE)

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